In genetics, what does the concept of 'variation' refer to?

Variation in genetics refers to the differences in physical traits among individuals within a population. This concept is fundamental to understanding how genetic diversity contributes to evolution and adaptation. Variations can arise from mutations, genetic recombination during sexual reproduction, and other processes that create differences in individuals' genotypes, which then manifest as observable traits or phenotypes.

This diversity is crucial as it provides a population with a greater ability to survive and adapt to changing environments. Traits that vary among individuals can include anything from height, color, and shape to biochemical properties, all of which contribute to the complexity and adaptability of life forms.