What is the basic principle behind gene therapy?

The fundamental principle behind gene therapy is to correct or replace defective genes that cause disease. This approach targets specific genetic mutations responsible for a particular disorder and aims to restore normal function by introducing correct versions of the genes or by repairing the mutations directly. In many cases, following successful gene therapy, the patient's cells can produce functional proteins that were previously absent or defective, leading to improvements in health and reduction of symptoms associated with genetic conditions.

This method can be transformative for patients with inherited disorders or diseases caused by genetic defects, as it addresses the root cause at the molecular level rather than merely alleviating symptoms. In contrast to the other choices, which may not accurately capture the essence of gene therapy, this choice highlights the proactive approach of directly correcting genetic issues rather than simply altering or removing genetic material.