What is the function of chromosomes in living organisms?

The function of chromosomes in living organisms is to store and transmit genetic information. Chromosomes are structures within cells that are made up of DNA and proteins. They carry genes, which are segments of DNA that contain the instructions for making proteins and determining traits. This genetic information is critical for the development, functioning, and reproduction of all living organisms.

During cell division, chromosomes ensure that DNA is accurately replicated and distributed to daughter cells, allowing for continuity of genetic information across generations. This process is vital for growth, repair, and reproduction, whether in unicellular or multicellular organisms.

While providing energy for the cell, transporting nutrients, and synthesizing proteins are essential functions in biological systems, they do not involve the direct role of chromosomes. Chromosomes are specifically linked to the genetic blueprint that guides these other processes.