What is the term for the benefit that occurs when different species interact in a way that promotes genetic diversity?

The term that describes the benefit occurring when different species interact in a way that promotes genetic diversity is gene flow. Gene flow refers to the transfer of genetic material between populations, typically through the movement of individuals or their gametes (like pollen). This process introduces new alleles into a population, which can enhance genetic variation and increase the potential for adaptability to changing environments.

Gene flow can occur between different species, especially in cases where hybridization is involved, but it is distinct because it emphasizes the movement of alleles and genetic diversity emerging from that interaction. The mixing of gene pools enhances the resilience and evolutionary potential of populations, making them less susceptible to diseases and environmental changes.

In contrast, while natural selection plays a role in shaping the traits of a population, it does not directly describe the interaction that promotes genetic diversity among different species. Speciation refers to the process through which new species arise, and hybridization specifically involves the mating of individuals from different species, producing hybrids, but does not inherently denote the broader concept of gene flow and its benefits to genetic diversity within populations.