What role does the centromere play in cell division?

The centromere is a crucial region of a chromosome that plays a significant role during cell division, specifically in the phases of mitosis and meiosis. Its primary function is to hold the two sister chromatids together. This connection is essential for ensuring that when the cell divides, each new daughter cell receives an identical set of chromosomes. During the metaphase stage of mitosis, spindle fibers attach to the centromere, which is vital for the proper alignment and distribution of chromosomes. If the sister chromatids were not held together by the centromere, they could not be accurately separated, potentially leading to unequal distribution of genetic material during cell division. This precise separation and maintenance of chromatid integrity are vital for genetic stability and continuity in the following generations of cells.